Surgical interventions, such as vaginoplasty, are generally associated with high levels of satisfaction:
: Research on voice and appearance suggests that "femaleness" is often rated higher when judged visually than by voice alone, as pitch remains a decisive factor in gender perception. rate shemales
Research into long-term health for MtF individuals highlights both the benefits of gender-affirming care and unique risks: such as vaginoplasty
: A long-term study at a university gender clinic found that total mortality in MtF transsexuals was 51% higher than in the general population, largely attributed to increased rates of suicide, AIDS, and cardiovascular disease. and cardiovascular disease.